莎士比亚十四行诗第三首
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SONNET 3
Look in thy glass, and tell the face thou viewest
Now is the time that face should form another;
Whose fresh repair if now thou not renewest,
Thou dost beguile the world, unbless some mother,
For where is she so fair whose unear'd womb
Disdains the tillage of thy husbandry?
Or who is he so fond will be the tomb
Of his self-love, to stop posterity?
Thou art thy mother's glass, and she in thee
Calls back the lovely April of her prime:
So thou through windows of thine age shall see
Despite of wrinkles this thy golden time.
But if thou live, remember'd not to be,
Die single, and thine image dies with thee.
以下是分析:
第一至四行:
Look in thy glass and tell the face thou viewest,
Now is the time that face should form another,
Whose fresh repair if now thou not renewest,
Thou dost beguile the world, unbless some mother.
以上是第一小节。
第一二行:(美男子啊,)请照照镜子,对着自己的面容说:是时候再造一张一样美的面容了。
第三四行:你清俊的容颜如果不生个孩子,那既对不起世界,也对不起一些母亲。
第五至八行:
For where is she so fair whose uneared womb
Disdains the tillage of thy husbandry?
Or who is he so fond will be the tomb
Of his self-love, to stop posterity?
以上是第二小节。
第五六行:上哪儿去找一个女子会拒绝俊美的你和她生孩子?
第七八行:哪一个男子会这么傻,以至于让自己成为自恋的坟墓而断子绝孙?
第九至十二行:
Thou art thy mother’s glass, and she in thee
Calls back the lovely April of her prime;
So thou through windows of thine age shalt see,
Despite of wrinkles, this thy golden time.
以上是第三小节。
第九、十行:你是你母亲的镜子,她在你身上追忆自己金色的年华、人生的四月。
插播一句:有网友觉得梁徽因的《你是人间的四月天》风格像莎士比亚的十四行诗。我大胆臆测:梁女士笔下的人间四月天或者就是从莎士比亚这句”the lovely April of her prime(她青春年华那美好的四月)“中得到启发的。中国古诗有“人间四月芳菲尽”,所描写的和梁女士的”人间四月天“似乎大异其趣。
第十一、十二行:在岁月的窗户中回望,你也将看到:自己这没有皱纹的黄金时代。
第十三、十四行:
But if thou live remembered not to be,
Die single and thine image dies with thee.
以上最后一节的对句。
第十三行:假如你活着的时候不想人们记得你,
第十四行:那么你单身未育且死去时,你的美将随风而逝。
最后是全诗的翻译:
对着镜子,告诉镜中那张脸
是时候孕育另一个生命了;
如果你不生儿育女,
你就是在剥夺世间的美,在阻止一些女人成为母亲。
因为哪里有女人,她未曾耕耘的子宫
会对你耕耘田地的方式感到不满?
又有哪个男子如此愚蠢,因自恋而死去
单身不育让自己断子绝孙?
你是你母亲的镜子,
在你身上,她得以追忆自己青春年华那美好的四月:
当你老去,从岁月的窗口回望,
你也将明白:这光滑的面容是你金色的年华。
但如果你一生都在逃避被人铭记,
你将无子而终,你俊美的形象也将随风而逝。
