性与生殖健康教育：政策与实践中的性别正义视角
性与生殖健康教育：政策与实践中的性别正义视角
Sexual and Reproductive Health Education: Gender Justice Perspectives in Policy and Practice
——《性别正义、性与健康杂志》第1卷第1期，2026年1月——
【摘要】性与生殖健康教育（SRHE）对于公共卫生、人权及性别平等至关重要；然而，获取全面且包容的SRHE资源的机会依然存在不平等，尤其是对于妇女、女童及性别多元群体而言。本文从性别正义的视角审视SRHE，探讨教育政策与实践究竟是如何固化或挑战性别不平等的。传统的SRHE往往局限于生物学、道德说教或人口控制的框架，从而忽视了诸如知情同意、自主权、性愉悦以及性别暴力等关键议题；这种局限性不仅对边缘化性别群体造成了不成比例的伤害，也未能赋予个体做出知情决策所需的技能。通过对政策文件、学术文献及机构报告进行定性分析，本研究揭示了进步的政策初衷与实际课堂实践之间存在的鸿沟——这一鸿沟的产生深受文化阻力、政治干预及教师培训不足等因素的影响。此外，本文还重点介绍了若干基于权利的创新实践案例，展示了秉持性别正义理念的SRHE在改善健康与社会结果方面所蕴含的巨大潜力。文章最后总结指出，将性别正义理念融入SRHE是实现公平健康结果、赋予个体自主力量以及推动构建包容性社会所不可或缺的关键要素。
【关键词】性与生殖健康教育，性别正义，性别平等，公共政策，人权，交叉性，教育体系
[Abstract] Sexual and Reproductive Health Education (SRHE) is vital for public health, human rights, and gender equality, yet access to comprehensive and inclusive SRHE remains unequal, particularly for women, girls, and gender-diverse populations. This paper examines SRHE from a gender justice perspective, exploring how educational policies and practices can either perpetuate or challenge gender inequalities. Traditional SRHE often focuses on biological, moralistic, or population-control frameworks, neglecting crucial aspects such as consent, autonomy, pleasure, and gender-based violence, which disproportionately harm marginalized genders and fail to equip individuals with the skills for informed decision-making. Through qualitative analysis of policy documents, academic literature, and institutional reports, the study highlights a gap between progressive policy intentions and actual classroom practices, influenced by cultural resistance, political interference, and inadequate teacher training. The paper also highlights innovative, rights-based practices showing the potential of gender-just SRHE to transform outcomes. It concludes that integrating gender justice into SRHE is essential for achieving equitable health outcomes, empowering individuals, and promoting inclusive societies.
[Key words] Sexual and Reproductive Health Education, Gender Justice, Gender Equality, Public Policy, Human Rights, Intersectionality, Education Systems
论文原文：Sushila Sharma (2026). Sexual and Reproductive Health Education: Gender Justice Perspectives in Policy and Practice. Journal of Gender Justice, Sexuality, and Health, Volume 1, Issue 1, Pages 26-34. January 2026.
https://jgjsh.com/jgjsh/index.php/journal/article/view/11
（翻译兼责任编辑：MARY）
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【本刊注】《性别公正、性与健康杂志》是一份国际性的学术期刊，致力于增进对与性别、性取向和健康相关的复杂交叉问题的理解。该杂志于2026年1月创刊，其使命是为高质量的研究、批判性分析和倡导提供平台，以应对影响全球性别和性身份相关健康结果的社会、文化、经济和政治因素。
