2026 Raphael: Sublime Poetry(纽约大都会博物馆·“拉斐尔:崇高诗篇”)

作者:儿歌荟萃
发表时间:
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2026-04-04 Holy Saturday

The Met.jpg

【Letters of a Soldier-VII 

The Surprises of the Superhuman (1918)】

I Lunar Paraphrase (1918)】

Wallace Stevens (1879—1955)

29 novembre au matin, en cantonnement

Teller fut la beauté d'hier.Te parlerai-je des soirées précédentes,alors que sur la route, la lune me dessinait la broderie des arbres, le pathétique des calvaires,l'attendrissement de ces maisons que l'on sait des ruines, mais que la nuit fait surgir comme un évocation de la paix.

Teller was the beauty of yesterday. Shall I tell you of the previous evenings, when on the road, the moon drew for me the embroidery of the trees, the pathos of the calvaries, the tenderness of those houses which we know to be ruins, but which the night makes emerge as an evocation of peace.

        The moon is the mother of pathos and pity.

        

        When, at the wearier end of November,

        Her old light moves along the branches,

        Feebly, slowly, depending upon them;

        When the body of Jesus hangs in a pallor,

        Humanly near, and the figure of Mary,

        Touched on by hoar-frost, shrinks in a shelter

        Made by the leaves, that have rotted and fallen;

        When over the houses, a golden illusion

        Brings back an earlier season of quiet

        And quieting dreams in the sleepers in darkness—

        The moon is the mother of pathos and pity.

—— • —— • —— • —— • —— • —— • —— • ——

【《士兵的来信之七·月亮释义》(1918)】

华莱士·史蒂文斯“异乡人·花环”(1879生—1955卒)

【红霞译】

11月29日上午,营地

泰勒“叙事者”是昨日的美人,要我告诉你前几夜的场景吗?路上的月光为我勾勒了树木的纹样,描绘出十字架的悲怆,以及那些众所周知已成废墟的温柔,但夜色让它们化作对宁静的呼唤。

            月亮是悲情伤与怜悯之母。

            

            在十一月的倦怠尽头,

            她苍老的光芒游离树梢,

            无力而迟缓,依附着枝条;

            当耶稣的躯体悬挂在苍茫之中,

            洋溢着人间气息,而玛利亚的身影,

            被寒霜覆盖,蜷缩于

            腐烂落叶的遮蔽之中;

            当掠过房子,金色光芒

            带回往昔宁静的时节,

            还有黑夜沉睡者的梦乡——

            月亮是悲情与怜悯之母。

【注】复活节前夕的曼哈顿,空气里还残留着冬日的尾音,我却迫不及待地走进了大都会艺术博物馆,去看“拉斐尔:崇高诗篇”的展览。展厅里光线柔和而克制,仿佛怕惊扰了画中人物500年的安眠。170多幅作品——素描、油画、挂毯——沿着墙壁次第展开,从乌尔比诺“小城”(Urbino)到佛罗伦萨“花城”(Florence),从佛罗伦萨到罗马“力量之城”,像一部用视觉写成的传记,安静地讲述着拉斐尔“治愈者”(1483—1520年)短短37年的一生。我先是看到了他的父亲乔瓦尼·桑蒂“神慈·神圣”(Giovanni Santi),笔触里还有旧时代的虔诚与朴素;接着是前辈弗拉·卡内瓦莱“兄弟斋戒”(Fra Carnevale),严谨的构图已经透露出某种对秩序的热望。然后是他的导师彼得罗·佩鲁吉诺“磐石·神慈”(Pietro Vannucci)——那些优雅的人物和淡蓝色的远山,像是为拉斐尔铺好的第一层台阶。还有他的同伴平图里基奥“小画家”(Pinturicchio),华丽而细腻;他的学生朱利奥·罗马诺“年轻的罗马人”(Giulio Romano),已经开始展现出属于自己的力量。这个展览不只是在展示一个天才,它是在展示一条河流的源头与支流:文艺复兴早期到盛期的演变,就藏在这些画与画之间微妙的差异里。拉斐尔站在这些人的肩膀上,看得更远,也画得更动人。

然而真正让我驻足不前的,是拉斐尔自己的作品。站在那幅圣母像前,我忽然理解了“崇高诗篇”这四个字的分量。画中的圣母低垂着眼眸,怀抱着圣婴,神情里有温柔,有哀愁,还有一种难以言喻的、属于人间的深情。拉斐尔把乌尔比诺和佩鲁贾孕育出的自然主义——那种对真实世界的细致观察与忠实再现——提升到了一种近乎音乐的和谐境界。他的线条流畅如诗,色彩饱满如交响乐,构图严谨却又毫不呆板。更令人惊叹的是,他把两个看似截然不同的时代缝合在了一起:一边是过去的装饰传统,那种金色背景中的庄严与神圣;另一边是文艺复兴盛期新兴的现实主义,那种对血肉之躯、对情感瞬间的诚实描绘。他缝得那样天衣无缝,你几乎看不见针脚。于是,神不再是高高在上的神,而是可以低头的母亲;人也不再是卑微的人,而是可以被光笼罩的存在。这就是拉斐尔的创新,也是他定义的巅峰——一种既宏大又温柔、既真实又超验的美。

走出展厅时,明天复活节的钟声就要从各个教堂传来,想必沉闷而悠远。纽约的天空现已染上了薄暮的颜色,风里依然有寒意,但我知道春天就在不远处。拉斐尔只活了37年,离开罗马时整座城市为他哭泣。500年过去了,我站在大西洋的这一边,隔着时间与海洋,看着他的画,心里却觉得离他很近。那些圣母的目光穿越了五个世纪,依然温柔地落在每一个驻足的人身上。这个展览叫“崇高诗篇”,可我觉得,拉斐尔留下的不是诗——诗需要阅读,需要理解;他留下的是一种更直接的东西,一种不需要翻译的美。而我们这些后来的人,不过是走进展厅,安静地站一会儿,然后带着那一小片被照亮的内心,回到各自平凡的生活里去。

Today in History(历史上的今天):

2013: St Cruz's Bachas Beach, Galapagos(巨龟群岛圣克鲁斯岛·巴查斯海滩)

2013: N. Seymour, Ecuador(厄瓜多尔北黑暗岛)

2012: 忆淮滨(In Memory of Huaibin)

2011: 埃及教长湾—和平之城(Sharm El-Sheikh the City of Peace, Egypt)

2011: 埃及亚历山大—地中海明珠(Alexandria—Pearl of the Mediterranean, Egypt)

2009: 玩具(Toys)

2026-04-04_001_The Met, the Largest Art Museum in the Americas, Featuring Neoclassical Architecture-10001.jpg

2026-04-04_028_Fra Carnevale, The Birth of the Virgin, 1467, Part of an Altarpiece for the Church of Santa Maria della Bella in Urbino0001.jpg

2026-04-04_029_Giovanni Santi, The Life and Deeds of Federico da Montefeltro, Duke of Urbino, 1482-84, the Only Surviving Manuscript Copy of This Work0001.jpg

2026-04-04_030_Giovanni Santi, A Woman Standing before Rocks (The Muse Clio), 1490–94, Using Pen, Brown Ink, Brush, Gray Wash, & White Gouache on Prepared Paper0001.jpg

2026-04-04_031_Giovanni Santi Martyr-Saint Standing in a Landscape (Probably Saint Ursula), 1490–94, Oil & Tempera Grassa  on Wood Panel0001.jpg

2026-04-04_032_15th-Century Central Italian Artist (Possibly Fra Carnevale), The Ideal City, 1475-1490, Oil & Tempera Grassa  on Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_033_Perugino, The Dead Christ w Joseph of Arimathea & Nicodemus, 1495–98, Oil & Tempera Grassa on Wood, Transferred to Canvas & Mounted on Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_034_Perugino,Bacchus with Satyr, c. 1495–1500, Black Chalk, Pen & Brown Ink, Brown Wash, & White Gouache on Paper0001.jpg

2026-04-04_035_Perugino, The Seated Saint Augustine (Cartoon for a Painting), ca 1500, Pen && Brown Ink, Brush, & Pale Brown Wash on Paper.jpg

2026-04-04_036_Perugino, Study of a Kneeling Youth & the Head of Another and Studies for Kneeling Youths, 1495–1500, Metalpoint on Paper Prepared Pale Pink-cream0001.jpg

2026-04-04_037_Perugino, Study of a Kneeling Youth and of the Head of Another, ca 1500, Metalpoint on Pale Pink-Beige Prepared Paper0001.jpg

2026-04-04_038_Perugino, Saint Augustine w Members of an Augustinian Confraternity, ca. 1500, Oil on Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_039_Perugino, The Virgin & Child w Members of the Flagellant Confraternity of Santa Maria Novella (The Madonna della Consolazione), 1496-1499, Oil & Tempera Grassa on Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_040_Pinturicchio (Bernardino di Betto), The Seated Saint Augustine with Confraternity Brothers (Gonfalone di Sant'Agostino), 1499–1500, Painted on Silk0001.jpg

2026-04-04_041_Raphael, Processional Banner The Holy Trinity w Saints Sebastian & Roch, 1497–99, Oil on Canvas0001.jpg

2026-04-04_042_ Raphael, The Virgin & Child in a Landscape - Landscape (Sketches for the Norton Simon Madonna), 1502–3, Pen & Brown Ink over Preliminary Stylus Underdrawing, on Paper0001.jpg

2026-04-04_043_Raphael, Workshop Assistant Posing for Studies of the Seated Virgin; Marginal Sketches (The Norton Simon Madonna), 1502-03, 2 Hues of Metalpoint on Paper0001.jpg

2026-04-04_044_Raphael, The Ansidei Madonna, 1503–1505, Pen & Brown Ink on Paper0001.jpg

2026-04-04_045_Raphael The Adoration of the Magi Full-Scale Composition Study for the Center Scene in the Predella of the Oddi Altarpiece, 1502–4, Pen & Brown Ink over Black Chalk, Charcoal, &0001.jpg

2026-04-04_046_Raphael, The Presentation in the Temple, 1502-1503, Tempera Grassa on Wood Transferred to Canvas0001.jpg

2026-04-04_047_Raphael, Coronation of Mary, 1502-3 (Pala Oddi) Predella w the Epiphany, Tempera Grassa on Wood Panel0001.jpg

2026-04-04_048_Raphael, The Annunciation, 1502-1504, the Left Panel of the Predella  for the Oddi Altarpiece, Tempera Grassa (Egg-Oil) on Canvas0001.jpg

2026-04-04_049_Raphael, The Annunciation (Cartoon for the Left Scene in the Predella of the Oddi Altarpiece), 1503-04, Pen & Brown Ink, w Brown Wash, Compass Work, & Stylus Drawing on Paper0001.jpg

2026-04-04_050_ Raphael, Saint Sebastian in Half-Length, 1502-03, Oil & Tempera Grassa (a Mixture of Egg Tempera & Oil) on a Wooden Panel, Incorporating Gold Highlights0001.jpg

2026-04-04_051_Raphael, Study of a Female Saint in Half-Length (Saint Catherine), ca 1504, Black Chalk over a Stylus Underdrawing on Paper0001.jpg

2026-04-04_052_Raphael, Head of a Young Man, 1503-04, Black Chalk over Preliminary Stylus Underdrawing, Highlighted w White Gouache on Paper0001.jpg

2026-04-04_053_Raphael, Christ Blessing with the Stigmata in a Landscape, 1504–05, Oil on Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_054_Raphael, Cartoon for Saint Mary Magdalen, c. 1503, Pen, Brown Ink, Brush, Wash, & Black Chalk on Paper0001.jpg

2026-04-04_055_Bastiano (Aristotile) da Sangallo, The Central Episode of the Bathers in the Battle of Cascina, c 1542,  a Monochrome Copy (Grisaille) on Poplar Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_056_Raphael, The Entombment,c. 1507, Black Chalk & Red Chalk to Refine the Figures & Composition0001.jpg

2026-04-04_057_Raphael, The Deposition (or Baglioni Altarpiece), c 1507, Pen & Brown Ink over Black Chalk, Utilizing Stylus-Incised Lines for Construction on Paper0001.jpg

2026-04-04_058_Roman Marble Sarcophagus Fragment Depicting the Death of the Greek Hero Meleager, Served as a Visual Model for Raphael,  the Baglioni Altarpiece0001.jpg

2026-04-04_059_Raphael, Composition Study for the Entombment (The Baglioni Altarpiece), c 1507, Pen, Brown Ink, Black Chalk, & Stylus Underdrawing0001.jpg

2026-04-04_060_Raphael, Lamentation, c 1507, Pen & Brown Ink over Preliminary Leadpoint Underdrawing0001.jpg

2026-04-04_061_Raphael, Studies Mainly for the Virgin & Child & the Infant Saint John the Baptist (Sheet from the Pink Sketchbook), 1509-10, 2 Types of Metalpoint on Paper Prepared Pink0001.jpg

2026-04-04_062_Raphael, The Heads of the Virgin and Child, 1507-09, Metalpoint on Prepared Surface0001.jpg

2026-04-04_063_Raphael, The Virgin and Child (Cartoon for the Tempi Madonna), c 1507,  Black Chalk, Charcoal, & White Gouache on Off-White Paper0001.jpg

2026-04-04_064_Raphael & Giulio Romano, The Virgin and Child with Angels (The Madonna of the Candelabra), 1514–16, Oil on Poplar Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_065_Raphael & Giulio Romano, Portrait of the Nude Fornarina (La Fornarina), 1508-20, Oil on Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_066_Raphael, Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione, 1514-16, Oil on Canvas0001.jpg

2026-04-04_067_Raphael, Portrait of Bindo Altoviti, 1515-16, Oil on Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_068_Marcantonio Raimondi, Quos Ego after a design by the High Renaissance master Raphael, 1515-18, Engraving, 1st State of 20001.jpg

2026-04-04_069_Raphael, The Death of Lucretia, 1510-12, Pen & Brown Ink over Black Chalk on Paper0001.jpg

2026-04-04_070_Raphael, Heads and Hands of Two Apostles (Auxiliary Cartoon for the Transfiguration), 1519-20, Black Chalk & White Gouache Highlights on Paper0001.jpg

2026-04-04_071_Raphael, The Ecstasy of Saint Cecilia w Saints Paul, John the Evangelist, Augustine, & Mary Magdalen, 1515-16, Oil on Canvas Transferred from Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_072_Raphael, The Virgin and Child with the Infant Saint John the Baptist and Saints Elizabeth and Joseph (The Madonna del Divino Amore), 1516-18, Oil on Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_073_Raphael, The Holy Family w the Infant Saint John the Baptist (The Madonna of the Rose, or Madonna della Rosa), 1517-18, Oil on Canvas0001.jpg

2026-04-04_074_Raphael, The Virgin and Child with Raphael, Tobias, and Saint Jerome (The Madonna of the Fish), 1512-14, Oil on Canvas, Transferred from Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_075_Raphael, Standing Putto Bearing a Garland on a Curved Plaster Surface, c 1512, Detached Fresco Fragment w a Layer of Surface Plaser, Adheared to Cork & Anchored to a Cadorite Sla0001.jpg

2026-04-04_076_Raphael, Portrait of a Young Woman with a Unicorn, 1505-06, Oil on Wood, Transferred to Convas, Glued to a Wood Support.jpg

2026-04-04_078_Raphael, The Small Cowper Madonna, ca 1505, Oil on Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_079_Raphael, The Virgin and Child in a Landscape (The Northbrook Madonna), 1504-05, Oil on Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_080_Luca Signorelli, Virgin and Child, 1506–07, Oil & Gold on Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_081_Raphael, The Virgin and Child (The Niccolini-Cowper Madonna or The Large Cowper Madonna), 1508, Oil on Wood (Probaly Poplar)0001.jpg

2026-04-04_082_Raphael, The Alba Madonna, 1509-11, Oil on Canvas, Transferred from Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_083_Raphael, The Virgin and Child with the Infant Saint John the Baptist (The Esterházy Madonna), ca 1508, Oil & Tempera Grassa on Poplar Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_084_Raphael, The Virgin & Child in an Interior (The Madonna of the Pinks), 1506-07, Oil on Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_085_Luca della Robbia, The Virgin and Child in a Niche, ca 1460, Glazed Terracotta Relief0001.jpg

2026-04-04_086_School of Donatello, Virgin and Child, 1386-1466, Terracotta Relief0001.jpg

2026-04-04_087_Byzantine Artwork, Portable Icon with the Virgin Eleousa, Early 1300s, Mosaic on Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_088_Lombard artists, Copy after Leonardo's Standing Leda and the Swan, 1515-30, Oil & Tempera Grassa on Poplar Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_089_Raphael, Madonna & Child Enthroned w Saints, ca 1504, Oil & Gold on Wood0001.jpg

2026-04-04_090_Perugino, The Virgin and Child with the Infant Saint John the Baptist, 1495-1500, Oil & Tempera Grassa on Poplar Wood0001.jpg

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