建立基于同理心的人类与类人生物关系信任

建立基于同理心的人类与类人生物关系信任

Toward an empathy-based trust in human-otheroid relations

——《人工智能与社会》2025年第40卷第5期——

Volume 40, Issue 5, 2025

【摘要】本文的主要目的有两个：首先，论证我们可以与机器人和人工智能系统（自动机）建立信任关系；其次，全面描述这种信任关系背后的机制。为了实现这些目标，本文首先批判性地审视了反对与自动机建立信任关系的主要论点。指出这些论点面临着使其站不住脚的重大挑战，从而为后续的实证分析奠定了基础，并提出了一个可以应对这些挑战的框架。根据该框架，信任并非源于单纯的可靠性，而是源于与自动机的同理心关系。这种最初的同理心关系将自动机提升到我称之为“类人生物”（Otheroids）的地位。随后，本文探讨了这种人与类人生物的关系如何固有地蕴含着信任发展的种子。最后，本文探讨了这些种子如何通过建立丰富的互动历史，发展成为与类人生物之间基本的信任形式。

【关键词】信任关系、同理心、类人生物、人机关系、关系态度

[Abstract] The primary aim of this paper is twofold: firstly, to argue that we can enter into relation of trust with robots and AI systems (automata); and secondly, to provide a comprehensive description of the underlying mechanisms responsible for this relation of trust. To achieve these objectives, the paper first undertakes a critical examination of the main arguments opposing the concept of a trust-based relation with automata. Showing that these arguments face significant challenges that render them untenable, it thereby prepares the ground for the subsequent positive analysis, proposing a framework in which these challenges can be addressed. According to this framework trust does not originate from mere reliability, but rather from an empathic relation with automata. This initial empathic relation elevates the automata to the status of what I will term "Otheroids." The paper then explores how this human-Otheroid relationship inherently possesses the seeds for the development of trust. Finally, it examines how these seeds can grow into a basic form of trust with Otheroids through the establishment of a rich history of interaction.

[Key words] Trust-based relation, Empathy, Otheroids, Human-AI/Robot-relation, Relational Attitude

论文原文：Abootaleb Safdar (2025). Toward an empathy-based trust in human-otheroid relations. AI & SOCIETY, Volume 40, Issue 5, Pages 3123–3138, June 2025.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-024-02155-z

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